Consider two skaters A and B initially at rest on ice -(friction is negligible) with A holding a ball. A has greater mass than B and the ball has some significant mass. A throws the ball to B. B catches it and throws it back to A who catches it again. The magnitudes of the skater’s (excluding ball) final velocities, A momentum and kinetic energies (denoted below as v, p and K respectively) are related as
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